JC and Shaman discuss definitions from Webster’s 1828 as well as what it truly means to be a man in Court on Episode 131
Scroll down to see the the definitions to all words we’ll be focusing tonight
Man, Person, Anger, Fear, E’vil, Spirit, Soul
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Also – join us tomorrow night (Thursday June 21st) on Angel Stark’s
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MAN, noun plural men. [Heb.species, kind, image, similitude.]
1. Mankind; the human race; the whole species of human beings; beings distinguished from all other animals by the powers of reason and speech, as well as by their shape and dignified aspect. ‘Os homini sublime dedit.’
And God said, Let us make man in our image, , after our likeness, and let them have dominion–Genesis 1:26.
MAN that is born of a woman, is of few days and full of trouble. Job 14:1.
My spirit shall not always strive with man Genesis 6:3.
I will destroy man whom I have created. Genesis 6:3.
There hath no temptation taken you, but such as is common to man 1 Corinthians 10:13.
It is written, man shall not live by bread alone. Matthew 4:4.
There must be somewhere such a rank as man
Respecting man whatever wrong we call–
But vindicate the ways of God to man
The proper study of mankind is man
In the System of Nature, man is ranked as a distinct genus.
When opposed to woman, man sometimes denotes the male sex in general.
Woman has, in general, much stronger propensity than man to the discharge of parental duties.
2. A male individual of the human race, of adult growth or years.
The king is but a man as I am.
And the man dreams but what the boy believed.
3. A male of the human race; used often in compound words, or in the nature of an adjective; as a man-child; men-cooks; men-servants.
4. A servant, or an attendant of the male sex.
I and my man will presently go ride.
5. A word of familiar address.
We speak no treason, man
6. It sometimes bears the sense of a male adult of some uncommon qualifications; particularly, the sense of strength, vigor, bravery, virile powers, or magnanimity, as distinguished from the weakness, timidity or impotence of a boy, or from the narrow mindedness of low bred men.
I dare do all that may become a man
Will reckons he should not have been the man he is, had he not broke windows–
So in popular language, it is said, he is no man Play your part like a manHe has not the spirit of a man
Thou art but a youth, and he a man of war from his youth. 1 Samuel 17:8.
7. An individual of the human species.
In matters of equity between man and man–
Under this phraseology, females may be comprehended. So a law restraining man or every man from a particular act, comprehends women and children, if of competent age to be the subjects of law.
8. man is sometimes opposed to boy or child, and sometimes to beast.
9. One who is master of his mental powers, or who conducts himself with his usual judgment. When a person has lost his senses, or acts without his usual judgment, we say, he is not his own man
10. It is sometimes used indefinitely, without reference to a particular individual; any person; one. This is as much as a man can desire.
A man in an instant, may discover the assertion to be impossible.
This word however is always used in the singular number, referring to an individual. In this respect it does not answer to the French on, nor to the use of man by our Saxon ancestors. In Saxon, man ofsloh, signifies, they slew; man sette ut, they set or fitted out. So in German, man sagt, may be rendered, one ways, it is said, they say, or people say. So in Danish, mansiger, one says, it is said, they say.
11. In popular usage, a husband.
Every wife ought to answer for her man
12. A movable piece at chess or draughts.
13. In feudal law, a vassal, a liege subject or tenant.
The vassal or tenant, kneeling, ungirt, uncovered and holding up his hands between those of his lord, professed that he did become his manfrom that day forth, of life, limb, and earthly honor.
MAN of war, a ship or war; an armed ship.
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PERSON, n. per’sn. [L. persona; said to be compounded of per, through or by, and sonus, sound; a Latin word signifying primarily a mask used by actors on the state.]
1. An individual human being consisting of body and soul. We apply the word to living beings only, possessed of a rational nature; the body when dead is not called a person. It is applied alike to a man, woman or child.A person is a thinking intelligent being.2. A man, woman or child, considered as opposed to things, or distinct from them.A zeal for persons is far more easy to be perverted, than a zeal for things.3. A human being, considered with respect to the living body or corporeal existence only. The form of her person is elegant.You’ll find her person difficult to gain.The rebels maintained the fight for a small time, and for their persons showed no want of courage.4. A human being, indefinitely; one; a man. Let a person’s attainments be never so great, he should remember he is frail and imperfect.5. A human being represented in dialogue, fiction, or on the state; character. A player appears in the person of king Lear.These tables, Cicero pronounced under the person of Crassus, were of more use and authority than all the books of the philosophers.6. Character of office.How different is the same man from himself, as he sustains the person of a magistrate and that of a friend.7. In grammar, the nominative to a verb; the agent that performs or the patient that suffers any thing affirmed by a verb; as, I write; he is smitten; she is beloved; the rain descends in torrents. I, thou or you, he, she or it, are called the first, second and third persons. Hence we apply the word person to the termination or modified form of the verb used in connection with the persons; as the first or the third person of the verb; the verb is in the second person.8. In law, an artificial person, is a corporation or body politic.
In person, by one’s self; with bodily presence; not be representative.
The king in person visits all around.
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AN’GER, n. ang’ger. [L. ango, to choke strangle, vex; whence angor, vexation, anguish, the quinsy, angina. Gr. to strangle, to strain or draw together to vex. The primary sense is to press, squeeze, make narrow; Heb. to strangle.]
1. A violent passion of the mind excited by a real or supposed injury; usually accompanied with a propensity to take vengeance, or to obtain satisfaction from the offending party. This passion however varies in degrees of violence, and in ingenuous minds, may be attended only with a desire to reprove or chide the offender.Anger is also excited by an injury offered to a relation, friend or party to which one is attached; and some degrees of it may be excited by cruelty, injustice or oppression offered to those with whom one has no immediate connection, or even to the community of which one is a member. Nor is it unusual to see something of this passion roused by gross absurdities in others, especially in controversy or discussion. Anger may be inflamed till it rises to rage and a temporary delirium.2. Paint; smart of a sore or swelling; the literal sense of the word, but little used.
AN’GER, v.t. ang’ger.
1. To excite anger; to provoke; to rouse resentment.2. To make painful; to cause to smart; to inflame; as, to anger an ulcer.
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FEAR, n. [See the Verb.]
1. A painful emotion or passion excited by an expectation of evil, or the apprehension of impending danger. Fear expresses less apprehension than dread, and dread less than terror and fright. The force of this passion, beginning with the most moderate degree, may be thus expressed, fear, dread, terror, fright. Fear is accompanied with a desire to avoid or ward off the expected evil. Fear is an uneasiness of mind, upon the thought of future evil likely to befall us.Fear is the passion of our nature which excites us to provide for our security, on the approach of evil.2. Anxiety; solicitude.The principal fear was for the holy temple.3. The cause of fear.Thy angel becomes a fear.4. The object of fear.Except the God of Abraham, and the fear of Isaac, had been with me. Gen 31.5. Something set or hung up to terrify wild animals, by its color or noise. Is. 24. Jer. 48.6. In scripture, fear is used to express a filial or a slavish passion. In good men, the fear of God is a holy awe or reverence of God and his laws, which springs from a just view and real love of the divine character, leading the subjects of it to hate and shun every thing that can offend such a holy being, and inclining them to aim at perfect obedience. This is filial fear.I will put my fear in their hearts. Jer. 32.Slavish fear is the effect or consequence of guilt; it is the painful apprehension of merited punishment. Rom. 8.The love of God casteth out fear. 1John 4.7. The worship of God.I will teach you the fear of the Lord. Ps. 34.8. The law and word of God.The fear of the Lord is clean, enduring for ever. Ps. 19.9. Reverence; respect; due regard.Render to all their dues; fear to whom fear. Rom. 13.
FEAR, v.t. [L. vereor.]
1. To feel a painful apprehension of some impending evil; to be afraid of; to consider or expect with emotions of alarm or solicitude. We fear the approach of an enemy or of a storm. We have reason to fear the punishment of our sins.I will fear no evil, for thou art with me. Ps. 23.2. To reverence; to have a reverential awe; to venerate.This do, and live: for I fear God. Gen. 42.3. To affright; to terrify; to drive away or prevent approach by fear, or by a scarecrow. [This seems to be the primary meaning, but now obsolete.]We must not make a scarecrow of the law, setting it up to fear the birds of prey.
FEAR, v.i. To be in apprehension of evil; to be afraid; to feel anxiety on account of some expected evil.
But I fear, lest by any means, as the serpent beguiled Eve through his subtility, so your minds should be corrupted from the simplicity that is in Christ. 2Cor. 11.Fear not, Abram: I am thy shield, and thy exceeding great reward. Gen. 15.
FEAR, n. A companion. [Not in use. See Peer.]
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E’VIL, a. e’vl. [Heb. to be unjust or injurious, to defraud.]
1. Having bad qualities of a natural kind; mischievous; having qualities which tend to injury, or to produce mischief.Some evil beast hath devoured him. Gen.37.2. Having bad qualities of a moral kind; wicked; corrupt; perverse; wrong; as evil thoughts; evil deeds; evil speaking; an evil generation.3. Unfortunate; unhappy; producing sorrow, distress, injury or calamity; as evil tidings; evil arrows; evil days.
E’VIL, n. Evil is natural or moral. Natural evil is any thing which produces pain, distress, loss or calamity, or which in any way disturbs the peace, impairs the happiness, or destroys the perfection of natural beings.
Moral evil is any deviation of a moral agent from the rules of conduct prescribed to him by God, or by legitimate human authority; or it is any violation of the plain principles of justice and rectitude.
There are also evils called civil, which affect injuriously the peace or prosperity of a city or state; and political evils, which injure a nation, in its public capacity.
All wickedness, all crimes, all violations of law and right are moral evils. Diseases are natural evils, but they often proceed from moral evils.
2. Misfortune; mischief; injury.There shall no evil befall thee. Ps.91.A prudent man foreseeth the evil, and hideth himself. Prov.22.3. Depravity; corruption of heart, or disposition to commit wickedness; malignity.The heart of the sons of men is full of evil. Eccles.9.4. Malady; as the king’s evil or scrophula.
E’VIL, adv. [generally contracted to ill.]
1. Not well; not with justice or propriety; unsuitable.Evil it beseems thee.2. Not virtuously; not innocently.3. Not happily; unfortunately.It went evil with his house.4. Injuriously; not kindly.The Egyptians evil entreated us, and afflicted us.
In composition, evil, denoting something bad or wrong, is often contracted to ill.
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SPIR’IT, n. [L. spiritus, from spiro, to breathe, to blow. The primary sense is to rush or drive.]
1. Primarily, wind; air in motion; hence, breath. All bodies have spirits and pneumatical parts within them. [This sense is now unusual.]2. Animal excitement, or the effect of it; life; ardor; fire; courage; elevation or vehemence of mind. The troops attacked the enemy with great spirit. The young man has the spirit of youth. He speaks or act with spirit. Spirits, in the plural, is used in nearly a like sense. The troops began to recover their spirits.3. Vigor of intellect; genius. His wit, his beauty and his spirit. The noblest spirit or genius cannot deserve enough of mankind to pretend to the esteem of heroic virtue.4. Temper; disposition of mind, habitual or temporary; as a man of a generous spirit, or of a revengeful spirit; the ornament of a meek and quiet spirit. Let us go to the house of God in the spirit of prayer.5. The soul of man; the intelligent, immaterial and immortal part of human beings. [See Soul.] the spirit shall return to God that gave it. Eceles. 12.6. An immaterial intelligent substance. Spirit is a substance in which thinking, knowing, doubting, and a power of moving do subsist. Hence,7. An immaterial intelligent being. By which he went and preached to the spirit in prison. I Pet. 3. God is a spirit. John 4.8. Turn of mind; temper; occasions; state of the mind. A perfect judge will read each work of wit, with the same spirit that its author writ.9. Powers of mind distinct from the body. In spirit perhaps he also saw Rich Mexico, the seat of Montezume.10. Sentiment; perception. You spirit is too true, your fears too certain.11. Eager desire; disposition of mind excited and directed to a particular object. God has made a spirit of building succeed a spirit of pulling down.12. A person of activity; a man of life, vigor or enterprise. The watery kingdom is no bar to stop the foreign spirits, but they come.13. Persons distinguished by qualities of the mind. Such spirits as he desired to please, such would I choose for my judges.14. Excitement of mind; animation; cheerfulness; usually in the plural. We found our friend in very good spirits. He has a great flow of spirits. -To sing thy praise, would heaven my breath prolong, Infusing spirits worthy such a song.15. Life or strength of resemblance; essential qualities; as, to set off the face in its true spirit. The copy has not the spirit of the original.16. Something eminently pure and refined. Nor doth the eye itself, that most pure spirit of sense, behold itself.17. That which hath power or energy; the quality of any substance which manifest life, activity, or the power of strongly affecting other bodies; as the spirit of wine or of any liquor.18. A strong, pungent or stimulation liquor, usually obtained by distillation, as rum, brandy, gin, whiskey. In America, spirit, used without other words explanatory of its meaning, signifies the liquor distilled from cane-juice, or rum. We say, new spirit, or old spirit, Jamaica spirit, &c.19. An apparition; a ghost.20. The renewed nature of man. Matt 26. Gal. 5.21. The influences of the Holy Spirit. Matt. 22.
SPIR’IT, n. [L. spiritus, from spiro, to breathe, to blow. The primary sense is to rush or drive.]
1. Primarily, wind; air in motion; hence, breath. All bodies have spirits and pneumatical parts within them. [This sense is now unusual.]2. Animal excitement, or the effect of it; life; ardor; fire; courage; elevation or vehemence of mind. The troops attacked the enemy with great spirit. The young man has the spirit of youth. He speaks or act with spirit. Spirits, in the plural, is used in nearly a like sense. The troops began to recover their spirits.3. Vigor of intellect; genius. His wit, his beauty and his spirit. The noblest spirit or genius cannot deserve enough of mankind to pretend to the esteem of heroic virtue.4. Temper; disposition of mind, habitual or temporary; as a man of a generous spirit, or of a revengeful spirit; the ornament of a meek and quiet spirit. Let us go to the house of God in the spirit of prayer.5. The soul of man; the intelligent, immaterial and immortal part of human beings. [See Soul.] the spirit shall return to God that gave it. Eceles. 12.6. An immaterial intelligent substance. Spirit is a substance in which thinking, knowing, doubting, and a power of moving do subsist. Hence,7. An immaterial intelligent being. By which he went and preached to the spirit in prison. I Pet. 3. God is a spirit. John 4.8. Turn of mind; temper; occasions; state of the mind. A perfect judge will read each work of wit, with the same spirit that its author writ.9. Powers of mind distinct from the body. In spirit perhaps he also saw Rich Mexico, the seat of Montezume.10. Sentiment; perception. You spirit is too true, your fears too certain.11. Eager desire; disposition of mind excited and directed to a particular object. God has made a spirit of building succeed a spirit of pulling down.12. A person of activity; a man of life, vigor or enterprise. The watery kingdom is no bar to stop the foreign spirits, but they come.13. Persons distinguished by qualities of the mind. Such spirits as he desired to please, such would I choose for my judges.14. Excitement of mind; animation; cheerfulness; usually in the plural. We found our friend in very good spirits. He has a great flow of spirits. -To sing thy praise, would heaven my breath prolong, Infusing spirits worthy such a song.15. Life or strength of resemblance; essential qualities; as, to set off the face in its true spirit. The copy has not the spirit of the original.16. Something eminently pure and refined. Nor doth the eye itself, that most pure spirit of sense, behold itself.17. That which hath power or energy; the quality of any substance which manifest life, activity, or the power of strongly affecting other bodies; as the spirit of wine or of any liquor.18. A strong, pungent or stimulation liquor, usually obtained by distillation, as rum, brandy, gin, whiskey. In America, spirit, used without other words explanatory of its meaning, signifies the liquor distilled from cane-juice, or rum. We say, new spirit, or old spirit, Jamaica spirit, &c.19. An apparition; a ghost.20. The renewed nature of man. Matt 26. Gal. 5.21. The influences of the Holy Spirit. Matt. 22.
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SOUL, n.
1. The spiritual, rational and immortal substance in man, which distinguishes him from brutes; that part of man which enables him to think and reason, and which renders him a subject of moral government. The immortality of the soul is a fundamental article of the christian system. Such is the nature of the human soul that it must have a God, an object of supreme affection.2. The understanding; the intellectual principle. The eyes of our soul then only begin to see, when our bodily eye are closing.3. Vital principle. Thou son, of this great world both eye and soul.4. Spirit; essence; chief part; as charity, the soul of all the virtues. Emotion is the soul of eloquence.5. Life; animation principle or part; as, an able commander is the soul of an army.6. Internal power. There is some soul of goodness in things evil.7. A human being; a person. There was no a soul present. In Paris there are more than seven hundred thousand souls. London, Westminster, Southwark and the suburbs, are said to contain twelve hundred thousand souls.8. Animal life. To deliver their soil from death, and to keep them alive in famine. Ps. 33. 7.9. Active power. And heaven would fly before the driving soul.10. Spirit; courage; fire; grandeur of mind. That he wants caution he must needs confess, but not a soul to give our arms success.11. Generosity; nobleness of mind; a colloquial use.12. An intelligent being. Every soul in heav’n shall bend the knee.13. Heart; affection. The soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David. I Sam. 18.14. In Scripture, appetite; as the full soul; the hungry soul. Prov. 27. Job 33.15. A familiar compellation of a person, but often expressing some qualities of the mind; as alas, poor soul; he was a good soul.
